Class 12 | Business study | Chapter 1 | Nature and significance of management (eng 2 )

As a management art

Based on the characteristics of each concept, they are classified as art science or profession. For the art of a concept, the following must be of the following characteristics:

Theoretical knowledge in theoretical knowledge art is necessary for which ordering and organized study material should be available.

Experience has an important role under experience art, with an artist's experience, it enhances its art and achieves efficiency.

Practice and creativity The theoretical knowledge present in the art creates creativity and practice, the ability of an artist depends on how much practice it has done and how creative it is.

All the literature related to different areas of management is available at all, all the managers run the business in different ways depending on their level of knowledge and each manager goes through the process of creativity renewal, etc. All the features of the art in management Contains 28 can be called art.

In the form of management science

Characteristics of science

Systematic knowledge of knowledge is a systematic form of knowledge or knowledge of science based on principles and practices.

Due to the principles of impact science, they are developed based on experiments and observations, i.e. there is no reason for every work under science.

All the science is the universally accepted theory that can be proven anywhere and at any time.

In the management, there is a systematic form of principle and rules that help in understanding the organizational practice, which is the principle of management, which relate to the cause and effect, like the science of science, this theory is not accurate, as per the circumstances Improvement can be made and it is dynamic due to the standard elements being present; Knowledge l

In the form of a management profession

Occupation is the means of livelihood that is done by special knowledge and training to serve different sections of the society. Access to it is prohibited.

Features of Money

The learned body of knowledge

Now money is based on a defined set of knowledge which is earned from education.

Restricted admission enters every professional exam or educational qualification and it is necessary to be a member of any Peshawar institution under the profession.

Ethical Ethics is bound by all the Code of Ethics, which gives direction to the behavior of its members. This code of conduct helps Peshawar to perform their functions properly and protects the moral values of the profession from affecting immoral ways. l

Occupation council

All the money is linked to the institution of someone who regulates the entry of Eid

It is not compulsory for a saint to have any special and it is compulsory to follow any code of conduct.

Therefore, management does not satisfy all the features of agriculture so it can not be called full money

Level of management

High level management middle level management low level management

Major Functions of High Level Management

Just like the Chief Operating Officer of the Board of Directors, under the management, etc. The purpose of their work is to determine the framework of plans and policies and direct the efforts of other people and to provide leadership. Developing business activities on the society Responsibility about the effects is to be described.

Major Functions of Middle Level Management

Departmental Head Plant under Arbitrage Management

The superintendents and the operations manager come in. Their main work is to execute the plans and policies created by the high level. The link between the high and low level management is to work. It collects and organizes resources to motivate employees. Detailed instructions to the departments Do the work of giving

  Major Functions of Low Level Management

Under-level management, foreman supervisors are: The manager of this group actually executes actions according to the plans of high and medium level management. This arrangement of equipment will be selected by the workers to make disciplines among the training workers and motivate the workers Working conditions work to provide working conditions.

Management work

Planning organization appointment appointment control

Decision planning is already called about how to plan and how to do it.

To organize organization organization and to execute plans, it is to make friendly adjustments in different parts of the organization to achieve its purpose objective.

The recruitment is by recruiting the intention. It encompasses the enforcement of recruitment of new employees, execution of decisions to increase growth, assessment and maintaining personal records of employees and training etc.

  After guidance appointment, motivating employees to give information guidance, supervision and communicating with them come under directing.


Matching the annual performance of the control with the planned execution and finding the reasons for the difference suggesting the researcher's importance is to bring the actual results closer to the desired results.

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